Muri iki gihe, inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga ziratera imbere gahoro gahoro ziyobowe n’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho.Hamwe niterambere ryinshi muri sisitemu yo gufasha abashoferi bateye imbere (ADAS), sisitemu ya infotainment, hamwe nikoranabuhanga ryigenga ryigenga, gukenera umurongo mugari mumodoka zigezweho nabyo biriyongera.Guhora uhindura ubushobozi hamwe nikoranabuhanga rigenda ritanga amakuru menshi asabwa, kandi ni ngombwa gutunganya amakuru muburyo bushya.Mubihe byashize, ibyifuzo byimodoka gakondo byagarukiraga kuri sisitemu yo kugenzura chassis cyangwa sisitemu yo kugenzura umubiri, bisaba gusa ubushobozi bwo kohereza amakuru yibihumbi ibihumbi kumasegonda (kbps).Uyu munsi, imodoka zifite ubwenge zifite ibikoresho byinshi bya sensor, sisitemu yo mu rwego rwohejuru ya infotainment, hamwe na sisitemu yo kugenzura inzira ishingiye ku buhanga bw’ubukorikori (AI) no kwiga imashini (ML), hamwe na LIDAR, RADAR, na modul nyinshi zitanga terabaýt yamakuru , bivamo kwiyongera gukomeye mubigoye.Niyo mpamvu, ni ngombwa gukoresha Ethernet yimodoka kugirango yihute, yizewe, na ultra-low-latency ihuza.
Ibisabwa bya tekiniki kumashanyarazi ya Ethernet (idafite umuhuza).
OPEN Alliance ibisobanuro (TC2 100Mbps, TC9 1000Mbps) isobanura neza ibisabwa kubikoresho byimodoka ya Ethernet yimodoka idafite umuhuza.Ihuriro rya OPEN ryasobanuye ibisabwa byibanze ku nsinga zisabwa - ibipimo ngenderwaho bijyanye (indangagaciro zishingiye ku bipimo bitandukanye):
Impedance Z -> nominal 100Ohm yo kwihanganira ibintu bitandukanye
Gutakaza kwinjiza IL-umurongo utuje> urwego rutandukanye-biterwa ninshuro
Garuka igihombo RL -> ibisabwa igipimo ukurikije inshuro
Kuringaniza imikorere LCL1 na LCTL2—> igipimo nigishushanyo mbonera biterwa nibisabwa numurongo utandukanye
Coupling attenuation -> ikoreshwa gusa insinga zikingiwe
Gukingira Ingirakamaro -> ikoreshwa gusa insinga zikingiwe
Automotive Ethernet umugozi wumushinga, LEONI Ubushinwa
Muri iki gihe LEONI ni umuyobozi mu nganda zikoresha amamodoka, ibyinshi mu bipimo ngenderwaho bigezweho bishingiye kuri protocole yabisobanuye, imaze igihe kinini yinjira muri OPEN, IEEE3 na SAE4 n’indi miryango y’ubumwe, kandi ifatanya n’abanyamuryango b’ubumwe guteza imbere 100Mbit / s na 1Gbit / s imodoka ya Ethernet insinga.LEONI Dacar ni marike ya kabili ya LEONI yimodoka, ikubiyemo cyane cyane insinga za coaxial na core-data nyinshi, insinga ya Ethernet ya moteri ya LEONI kubera ibisabwa biranga amakuru nayo yashyizwe mubikorwa bya Dacar, serivise ya LEONI Dacar ikubiyemo porogaramu zitandukanye zikoreshwa mumodoka, kuri ubungubu LEONI Dacar 100 ibicuruzwa bya Gigabit na Gigabit Ethernet byahawe ibikoresho kandi bikoreshwa neza muburyo bwinshi bwubudage, Abanyamerika, ibirango byigenga nizindi OEM.LEONI ntagarukira aho, Lenny yiyemeje kurenga kuri urwo rwego.Umugozi wa Dacar Ethernet ya LEONI usobanura ibiranga ihererekanyabubasha nkuburyo bwo gutakaza uburyo bwo guhindura insinga zidafunze.Igishushanyo mbonera cyerekana neza ko ibikoresho byashizweho ningaruka nkeya mubihe nko gusaza, umwanda nubushuhe.Kubikorwa bya EMC byoroshye, LEONI itanga ikoreshwa ryinsinga ya LEONI Dacar Ethernet.Izi nsinga zimaze gukorwa cyane kandi zikoreshwa muri sisitemu ya kamera.
Isoko rya Ethernet Isoko ryigihe kizaza
Kuberako Ethernet yahimbwe hakiri kare, ihererekanyamakuru ryigihe-gihe ntabwo ryarebwaga.Hamwe numubare munini wimyidagaduro yamajwi na videwo yinjira muri cockpit, umubare wa ECUs hamwe nubushake bwimbaraga zo kubara za ECU byagaragaje ubwiyongere buturika, ibyo bikaba bigaragara cyane mugihe cya ADAS ndetse nigihe cyigihe kitagira abashoferi, hamwe no gukenera kubara umurongo wa mudasobwa. nayo yatangiye guturika.Ibi byatumye ubwiyongere bukabije bwibiciro bya sisitemu ya elegitoroniki yimodoka, kuruhande rumwe, ubwiyongere bwumubare nubwiza bwa sisitemu ya ECU, kubera kubara mudasobwa, umubare munini wibikoresho byo kubara biba impfabusa, kandi tuvuga ibinyabiziga Ethernet ikoresheje umugozi umwe winsinga zidafunze hamwe nuduce duto kandi twinshi duhuza, ukoresheje impande zombi zidafunze zishobora gushyigikira intera ya 15m yoherejwe (kubirindiro bikingiwe bishobora gushyigikira 40m), ubu buryo bwo gutunganya ibintu butuma ibinyabiziga Ethernet ishobora kuzuza ibinyabiziga EMC ibisabwa.Kugabanya ibiciro byo guhuza ibinyabiziga bigera kuri 80% hamwe nuburemere bwinsinga mumodoka kugera kuri 30%, PHY ya 100M Automotive Ethernet ikoresha tekinoroji ya 1G Ethernet kugirango itumanaho ryuburyo bubiri kuri couple imwe ikoresheje guhagarika echo.Ibisanzwe PoE yagenewe Ethernet ifite imigozi 4 yinsinga, PoDL rero yakozwe muburyo bwihariye bwimodoka ya Ethernet kugirango itange amashanyarazi ya 12VDC cyangwa 5VDC kumashanyarazi asanzwe ya ECU yikigo gishinzwe kugenzura ibikoresho bya elegitoronike kumurongo umwe.Birumvikana ko gukenera umurongo wa interineti nabyo ari ibintu, kandi ibyuma bitandukanye, cyane cyane lidar na kamera-nini cyane, bigomba kohereza amakuru ukoresheje Ethernet.
Automotive Ethernet nubuhanga bwurungano aho buri mashanyarazi ihujwe bikurikiranye.Hindura ikoreshwa muri sisitemu ifasha gushiraho itumanaho hagati ya ECU nyinshi ninzira nyabagendwa igana mubindi bice bitandukanye murusobe.IEEE isanzwe ikorana buhanga binyuze muri 100BASE-T1 na 1000BASE-T1 ibinyabiziga-bitunga Ethernet.Inyungu yingenzi yimodoka Ethernet yimodoka nuko ihenze cyane kuruta izindi protocole.Ibisekuruza byabanje nka CAN bitanga gusa 10Mb / s byinjira, mugihe Ethernet yimodoka irashobora gutanga igipimo cyibanze cyitumanaho cya 100Mb / s kuva yatangira.Ugereranije nibikoresho gakondo bya kabili, Ethernet yimodoka ikoresha ultra-yoroheje kandi ikora neza kugirango ibike umwanya, kugabanya ibiciro, no kugabanya ibintu bigoye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-17-2023