Hamwe nogutezimbere tekinoroji yumuriro wibikoresho bya kabili, ubwoko bushya bwinsinga za flame retardant zagiye zigaragara, bigenda biva mumashanyarazi asanzwe ya flame retardant insinga bigera kumyotsi mike ya halogen flame retardant insinga hamwe numwotsi muke wa halogen-flame retardant insinga . Ibi byerekana ko ibisabwa kuri insinga za flame retardant byagiye byiyongera mumyaka yashize.
Mu bihugu nk'Uburayi, Amerika, n'Ubuyapani, insinga n'ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije byahindutse inzira nyamukuru y'ubwoko bwose. Guverinoma zibuza rwose gukoresha cyangwa gutumiza insinga zangiza ibidukikije. Ibikoresho bisanzwe bya flame retardant birimo halogen nyinshi. Iyo bitwitse, bizabyara umwotsi mwinshi hamwe na gaze ya hydrogène yangiza. Halogen idafite flame retardancy igerwaho cyane cyane muri polyolefine. Kubwibyo, umwotsi muke wa halogen utagira insinga bizaba inzira nyamukuru yiterambere mugihe kizaza. Noneho, gukuramo ibikoresho bya kabili bitagira umwotsi wa halogene bizaganirwaho uhereye ku ngingo zikurikira.
- Ibikoresho byo gukuramo
A. Ikintu nyamukuru cyibikoresho byo gukuramo insinga ninsinga ni screw, ifitanye isano nurwego rwo gusaba hamwe nubushobozi bwo gukora ibicuruzwa. Kugirango uhuze ibikenewe gutunganya plastike zitandukanye, hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwibishushanyo mbonera. Umwotsi muke wa halogene utagira flame retardant ibikoresho bya kabili birimo hydroxide ya magnesium yuzuye cyane cyangwa hydroxide ya aluminium. Kubwibyo, kugirango hatorwe imigozi, imigozi isanzwe ikoreshwa muri rusange, kandi igipimo cyogusenyuka ntigikwiye kuba kinini, mubisanzwe hagati ya 1: 1 na 1: 2.5 birakwiye.
B. Ikindi kintu cyingenzi kigira ingaruka ku gusohora ibikoresho bya kabili bitagira umwotsi wa halogene mu gihe cyo gukuramo ni igikoresho gikonjesha cya extruder. Bitewe nimiterere yihariye yibikoresho bitarimo umwotsi wa halogene, ubushyuhe bwinshi butangwa kubera guterana amagambo mugihe cyo gukuramo. Ibi bisaba ko ibikoresho byo gukuramo bifite ibikoresho byiza byo gukonjesha kugirango bigenzure ubushyuhe bwibikorwa. Iki nikibazo kidashobora kwirengagizwa. Niba ubushyuhe buri hejuru cyane, ibinini binini bizakorwa hejuru yumugozi; niba ubushyuhe buri hasi cyane, muri rusange ibikoresho biziyongera, kandi ibikoresho bikunda kwangirika. - Ibishushanyo mbonera
Bitewe nibikoresho byinshi byuzuza ibikoresho bya kabili bitagira umwotsi wa halogene, hari itandukaniro rikomeye mumbaraga zashonga, kugereranya, hamwe nubwiza hagati yacyo nibindi bikoresho bya kabili muri leta yashongeshejwe. Kubwibyo, guhitamo ibishushanyo nabyo biratandukanye. Ubwa mbere, muguhitamo uburyo bwo gukuramo ibicuruzwa. Kubijyanye no gukuramo umwotsi muke wa halogen udafite ibikoresho bya kabili, ifumbire yo gusohora igomba kuba mubwoko bwa extrait, kandi mugihe cyo gukuramo icyatsi, hagomba gukoreshwa ubwoko bwa kimwe cya kabiri. Muri ubu buryo, imbaraga zishobora kurambirwa, kurambura, hamwe no kurangiza ibintu neza. Icya kabiri, muguhitamo amaboko apfa. Iyo ukoresheje ibishushanyo mbonera, bitewe n'ubukonje bwinshi bwibintu, umuvuduko kumutwe wapfuye ni munini, kandi ibikoresho bizaguka iyo bisohotse. Kubwibyo, amaboko apfa agomba kuba mato kurenza ubunini nyabwo. Ubwanyuma, imiterere yubukanishi bwibikoresho bitarimo umwotsi wa halogene ntabwo bisumba nkibikoresho bisanzwe byinsinga hamwe numwotsi muke wa halogen. Ikigereranyo cyayo cyo gushushanya ni gito, gusa 2.5 kugeza 3.2. Kubwibyo, mugihe uhitamo ibishushanyo, ibishushanyo byayo nabyo bigomba gutekerezwa byuzuye. Ibi bisaba ko guhitamo no guhuza amaboko apfa bitagomba kuba binini cyane, bitabaye ibyo ubuso bwumugozi ntibuzaba buke, kandi igishishwa cyo gukuramo kizaba cyoroshye.
Ingingo imwe yinyongera: Imbaraga za moteri yimashini nyamukuru igomba kuba nini bihagije. Bitewe nubusumbane bukabije bwibikoresho bya LSHF, imbaraga zidahagije ntizikora.
Ingingo imwe yo kutemeranya: Uburebure bwikigice cyurugero rwibicuruzwa bitagomba kuba birebire cyane, mubisanzwe bitarenze mm 1. Niba ari birebire, imbaraga zo gukata zizaba nini cyane.- Kubikoresho bya halogene, ukoresheje screw ifite igipimo gito cyo kwikuramo gutunganya ni byiza. .
- Bitewe no kongeramo umubare munini wa flame retardant mubikoresho bitarimo umwotsi wa halogene, hari ingorane zikomeye mugikorwa cyo gukuramo. Imbaraga zogosha za screw kubikoresho bitarimo halogene nini. Inzira nziza cyane kurubu ni ugukoresha imashini idasanzwe yo gukuramo ibikoresho bya halogene.
- Mugihe cyo gukuramo, ibintu nkibisohoka mumaso bigaragara kumpera yinyuma. Iyo hari byinshi muribyo, bizahuza umugozi hanyuma bigire uduce duto, bigira ingaruka kumiterere. Wigeze uhura nibi? Waba ufite igisubizo cyiza? Ni imvura ijyanye no gupfa gufungura. Kugabanya ubushyuhe bwo gupfa gufungura no guhindura ifu kugirango urambure gato bizamura ibintu cyane. Nanjye akenshi mpura niki kibazo kandi sinabonye igisubizo cyibanze. Ndakeka ko biterwa no guhuza nabi kwibigize ibikoresho. Bavuga ko gukoresha igihuha kugirango ubiteke birashobora gukora, ariko ubushyuhe ntibukwiye kuba hejuru cyane, bitabaye ibyo insulation ikangirika. Niba ubushyuhe bwumutwe wapfuye buri hejuru, kugabanya ubushyuhe buke bizakemura ikibazo. Hano haribisubizo bibiri kuri iki kibazo: 1) Koresha imbunda yo mu kirere kugirango utere, byaba byiza hamwe n'umwuka ushushe; 2) Hindura igishushanyo mbonera ukoresheje gukora akantu gato ku rupfu. Uburebure bwa protrusion mubusanzwe bugera kuri mm 1. Ariko sinzi niba hari ababikora murugo bashobora gukora ibishushanyo nkibi. Kubibazo byimvura mugihe cyo gufungura bipfuye mugihe cyo gukuramo ibikoresho bitarimo umwotsi wa halogene, gushyiramo ibikoresho byo gukuraho umuyaga ushushe mukwifungura birashobora gukemura iki kibazo. Kugeza ubu isosiyete yacu ikoresha ubu buryo, kandi ingaruka ni nziza cyane.
Ingingo imwe yinyongera: Mugihe utanga ibikoresho bitarimo umwotsi wa halogene, nibyiza gukoresha igice cya kabiri cyimyanya yo gukuramo ibibyimba. Byongeye kandi, hejuru yubuso bwububiko bugomba kuba hejuru kugirango wirinde kugaragara kwamaso asa nububiko bwimbere yo gufungura. - Ikibazo: Iyo utanga ibikoresho bitarimo umwotsi wa halogene muri iki gihe, ubushyuhe muri zone ya kane ya barrale bukomeza kwiyongera. Umuvuduko umaze kwiyongera, ubushyuhe buzamuka kuri dogere 40, bigatuma ibintu bibira ifuro. Hari ibisubizo byiza? Kubintu byerekana ibibyimba bigaragara mugihe cyo gukuramo ibikoresho bitarimo umwotsi wa halogene, ukurikije isesengura risanzwe: Kimwe nuko ibikoresho bitarimo umwotsi muke wa halogene bigira ingaruka byoroshye kubushuhe. Mbere yo gukuramo, nibyiza gukora imiti yumye; Icya kabiri nuko kugenzura ubushyuhe mugihe cyo gukuramo bigomba kuba bikwiye. Imbaraga zo gukata ibikoresho bitarimo halogene mugihe cyo gukuramo ni nini, kandi ubushyuhe karemano buzabyara hagati ya barriel na screw. Birasabwa kugabanya ubushyuhe bwashyizweho; Bitatu nimpamvu nziza yibikoresho ubwabyo. Uruganda rwinshi rwibikoresho byongeweho gusa umubare munini wuzuza kugirango ugabanye ibiciro, bivamo uburemere bukabije bwibintu byihariye. Kubintu byerekana ibibyimba bigaragara mugihe cyo gukuramo ibikoresho bitarimo umwotsi wa halogene, ukurikije isesengura risanzwe: Kimwe nuko ibikoresho bitarimo umwotsi muke wa halogene bigira ingaruka byoroshye kubushuhe. Mbere yo gukuramo, nibyiza gukora imiti yumye; Icya kabiri nuko kugenzura ubushyuhe mugihe cyo gukuramo bigomba kuba bikwiye. Imbaraga zo gukata ibikoresho bitarimo halogene mugihe cyo gukuramo ni nini, kandi ubushyuhe karemano buzabyara hagati ya barriel na screw. Birasabwa kugabanya ubushyuhe bwashyizweho; Bitatu nimpamvu nziza yibikoresho ubwabyo. Uruganda rwinshi rwibikoresho byongeweho gusa umubare munini wuzuza kugirango ugabanye ibiciro, bivamo uburemere bukabije bwibintu byihariye. Niba ari umutwe wubwoko bwa pin, irashobora kandi kubyara ibikoresho bitarimo umwotsi wa halogene? Oya, imbaraga zo gukata ni nini cyane, kandi hazabaho ibituba byose. 1) Menya igipimo cyo guhunika cya screw yawe n'imiterere n'imiterere muri zone ya kane, haba hari ibice byo gutandukana cyangwa ibice bitemba. Niba aribyo, birasabwa gusimbuza umugozi. 2) Menya sisitemu yo gukonjesha muri zone ya kane. Urashobora gukoresha umuyaga uhuha umwuka werekeza muri zone kugirango ukonje. 3) Ahanini, iki kibazo ntaho gihuriye cyane no kumenya niba ibikoresho byatewe nubushuhe cyangwa bitaribyo. Ariko, umuvuduko wo gukuramo ibikoresho bya halogene bidafite ibyatsi ntibigomba kwihuta.
- Ingingo zikurikira zigomba kwitonderwa mugihe usohora ibikoresho bitarimo umwotsi wa halogene: 1) Ubushyuhe mugihe cyo gukuramo ni ngombwa cyane. Kugenzura ubushyuhe bigomba kuba byuzuye. Mubisanzwe, ubushyuhe ntarengwa busabwa ni hagati ya dogere 160 - 170. Ntigomba kuba hejuru cyane cyangwa hasi cyane. Niba ubushyuhe buri hejuru cyane, hydroxide ya aluminium cyangwa hydroxide ya magnesium mubikoresho ikunda kubora, bikavamo ubuso butameze neza kandi bigira ingaruka kumikorere yabyo; niba ubushyuhe buri hasi cyane, imbaraga zo gukata ni nini cyane, igitutu cyo gukuramo ni kinini, kandi ubuso ntabwo ari bwiza. 2) Nibyiza gukoresha igituba cyo kuvoma mugihe cyo gukuramo. Iyo uhuje ifumbire, hagomba kubaho kurambura. Mugihe cyo gukuramo, mandel igomba kuba 1 - 3 mm inyuma yurupfu. Umuvuduko wo gukuramo ntugomba kwihuta cyane, kandi ugomba kugenzurwa hagati ya 7 - 12 m. Niba umuvuduko urihuta cyane, imbaraga zo gukata ni nini cyane, kandi ubushyuhe buragoye kubigenzura. . )
- Ubushyuhe bwo gusohora bwibikoresho bitarimo umwotsi wa halogene bitandukana bitewe nubunini bwa extruder. Ubushyuhe bwo gukuramo nagerageje hamwe na 70-ya extruder nuburyo bukurikira kugirango ubone. Igice 1: dogere 170, Igice cya 2: 180 dogere, Igice cya 3: 180 dogere, Igice cya 4: 185, Gupfa umutwe: dogere 190, Ijisho ryimashini: dogere 200. Ntarengwa irashobora kugera kuri dogere 210. Ubushyuhe bwo kubora bwa flame retardant yavuzwe haruguru bugomba kuba dogere 350, ntabwo rero bubora. Ninini nini yo gushonga yibikoresho bya halogene, niko bigenda neza kandi byoroshye kuyisohora. Kubwibyo, imashini yubwoko 150 nayo irashobora kuyikuramo mugihe cyose amazi yibikoresho bya halogene ari byiza bihagije. . Dogere 160.
- Umusaruro ugenda neza ukoresheje umugozi wa BM ufite igipimo cya compression ya 3.0. Nanjye mpangayikishijwe n'iki kibazo. Nshobora kubaza abahanga bose: Kuki bidashobora gukoreshwa imigozi ifite igipimo kinini cyo kwikuramo (> 1: 2.5) kugirango ikoreshwe? Imbaraga zo gukata ni nini cyane, kandi hazabaho ibibyimba. Isosiyete yacu yagiye ikoresha 150 kugirango ikore insinga zitagira umwotsi wa halogene, kandi ingaruka ni nziza cyane. Twifashishije imiyoboro iringaniye kandi iringaniye, kandi ubushyuhe bwo gushyushya buri gice bugomba kugenzurwa neza, bitabaye ibyo ibituba cyangwa ibibazo bya kole bishaje. Ariko, birababaje cyane. Igihe cyose, screw na pulley bigomba guhinduka, kandi umuvuduko uri muri barrale no gupfa umutwe nawo ni munini.
- Ndibwira ko ari byiza kutavunika mugihe cyo gukuramo kugirango wemererwe kunyerera mu cyerekezo cya radiyo kandi udakunda gucika.
- Ariko rero, hakwiye kwitonderwa gukumira ikwirakwizwa ryibikoresho mugihe cyo gufungura.
- Isosiyete yacu yakoresheje ibikoresho bisanzwe bitarimo halogene mbere, byakundaga kwera. Noneho dukoresha ibikoresho bya GE, bihenze ariko bidafite ikibazo cyo kwera. Ndashaka kubaza niba ibikoresho byawe bitarimo halogene bifite ikibazo cyo kwera?
- Bitewe no kongeramo umubare munini wibikoresho bya flame retardant mubikoresho bitarimo umwotsi wa halogene, iyi niyo mpamvu nyamukuru ituma umuvuduko udashobora kwiyongera, bikaviramo ingorane zikomeye mugikorwa cyo gukuramo. Mugihe cyo gukuramo, ibintu nkibisohoka mumaso bigaragara kumpera yinyuma. Iyo hari byinshi muribyo, bizahuza umugozi hanyuma bigire uduce duto, bigira ingaruka kumiterere. Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, irashobora gutekwa hamwe na blowtorch. Ubushyuhe ntibukwiye kuba hejuru cyane, bitabaye ibyo insulasiyo yangiritse. Nibintu bigoye cyane kugenzura mubikorwa. Kubikoresho bitarimo halogene, ukoresheje compression nkeya-igereranyo hamwe na hollow screw yo gutunganya ntakibazo mubijyanye no gutunganya umuvuduko. Urebye ibikoresho bya mashini ntoya yo gukuramo (hamwe na diameter ya screw ya mm 100 cyangwa munsi yayo) hamwe no gusohora insinga zidafite umwotsi wa halogene ukoresheje vinyl acetate copolymer nkibikoresho fatizo, isura n'imikorere ntabwo bigira ingaruka cyane mugihe ukoresheje ibisanzwe Imiyoboro ya PVC hamwe ninshuro zidasanzwe kubikoresho bitarimo umwotsi wa halogene bidafite umusaruro. Ibintu bikomeye cyane bigira ingaruka kumikorere ya extrait no kugaragara biracyari ibipimo nigipimo cyumuriro utandukanye wumuriro, ibindi bikoresho byuzuye, nibikoresho fatizo. Iyo ukoresheje PVC na PE ibikoresho byo gukuramo ibikoresho kugirango ubyare ibikoresho bitarimo umwotsi wa halogene, bitewe nubukonje bwinshi bwibikoresho nkibi, kandi igipimo cyo kwikuramo ibyuma bisanzwe bya PVC byo gukuramo ni hafi 2.5 - 3.0. Niba ibipimo nkibi byo guhunika bikoreshwa mugukora ibikoresho bitarimo umwotsi wa halogene, mugihe cyo gukuramo, ingaruka zo kuvanga muri screw ntizagera ku byiza mugihe ibikoresho bigumye muri screw, kandi ibikoresho bizakomeza kuri urukuta rw'imbere rwa barriel, bivamo umusaruro udahagije wa kole, kutabasha kongera umuvuduko wo gusohora, kandi icyarimwe ukongera umutwaro wa moteri. Kubwibyo, ntabwo ari byiza kubikoresha. Niba umusaruro mwinshi ukorwa, nibyiza gukoresha umugozi udasanzwe ufite igipimo gito cyo kwikuramo. Birasabwa ko igipimo cyo kwikuramo kiri munsi ya 1.8: 1. Byongeye kandi, ingufu za moteri zigomba kongerwa kandi hagomba gutoranywa ingufu zikwiye kugirango habeho ingaruka nziza zo gukuramo no gukora insinga.
- Ibibazo rusange byibikoresho bitarimo umwotsi wa halogene ni: 1) Hariho imyenge mubicuruzwa byakuwe hanze; 2) Kurangiza hejuru birakennye; 3) Ibisohoka bya kole ni bito; 4) Ubushyuhe bwo guterana bwa screw ni bunini.
- Iyo usohora halogene idafite umwotsi muke wibikoresho bya retardant, kubera ko ubushyuhe budashobora kuba hejuru cyane, ubwiza bwibintu buri hejuru. Imashini yo gukuramo imashini igomba gutoranywa nka 20/1, kandi igipimo cyo guhunika ntigomba kurenza 2.5. Bitewe nimbaraga nini zo gukata, kuzamuka kwubushyuhe karemano ni nini. Nibyiza gukoresha amazi kugirango ukonje umugozi. Guteka hamwe nigitereko cyumuriro muke ningirakamaro cyane kugirango amaso asohoke apfuye kandi ntabwo azavunika.
- Gushakisha ubufasha ku kigereranyo cyumwotsi muke wa halogene utagira ibicuruzwa. Ikigereranyo cyo gushushanya ni 1.8 - 2.5, impamyabumenyi yo kugereranya ni 0,95 - 1.05. Ikigereranyo cyo gushushanya ni gitoya ugereranije na PVC. Gerageza gukora ibishushanyo bihuye! Ikigereranyo cyo gushushanya ni 1.5. Mandel ntabwo ikeneye gutwara insinga. Koresha uburyo bwa kimwe cya kabiri. Ubushyuhe bwamazi yikigega cyambere cyamazi ni 70 - 80 °. Noneho gukonjesha umwuka birakoreshwa, hanyuma gukonjesha amazi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-12-2024